Police arrest 27 St. Louis protesters over curfew (Reuters)

ST. LOUIS (Reuters) ? Police arrested 27 St. Louis demonstrators protesting economic issues at a downtown plaza early Saturday for curfew violations, authorities said.

The anti-Wall Street protesters offered no resistance as officers slipped on plastic handcuffs and walked them into police vans amid chants of "Our passion for freedom is stronger than your prison," and "Serve the people, not the state."

About 400 people had gathered at the plaza near the Gateway Arch on Friday night despite a warning from St. Louis Mayor Francis Slay that they would have to leave the park.

Slay has offered to continue talks to find a permanent place for the protest.

The protesters tried to get a federal court order restraining the police from making the arrests. But those efforts fell through and the curfew, which had only been enforced once before during the 40-day-old protest, was put into effect.

The arrests came early on Saturday morning local time, when the crowd had dwindled down to about 200 people, authorities said. The 27 who were arrested refused to leave.

"We believe that we should have a voice," protester Angelo Dower said before entering the police van. "And the people that have the money have the voice."

Occupy participants returned to the park Saturday afternoon to continue their non-violent protest against economic inequality.

Participants also said they would continue to pursue their case in U.S. District Court next week. They say the First Amendment gives them the right to stay in the park.

The St. Louis protest is part of the Occupy Wall Street protests that began in New York in September. Camps around the country have sprung up. They have been largely peaceful, but in Oakland, California, there have been clashes with police.

In Portland, Oregon, police have told protesters encamped at two downtown parks to clear out by one minutes after midnight on Sunday.

With that deadline nearing, some people at the parks were dismantling tents and leaving behind debris such as tarps and clothing, said Portland police Lieutenant Robert King.

No crowd estimate was provided by police officials, who have expressed concern that some demonstrators may be fashioning makeshift weapons for a confrontation.

Activist Adriane DeJerk, 26, confirmed some demonstrators have left but said hundreds remain. And more participants are expected to attend a community potluck later today.

(Additional reporting by Teresa Carson in Portland and Alex Dobuzinskis in Los Angeles: Editing by James B. Kelleher and Greg McCune)

Source: http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/economy/*http%3A//news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20111112/us_nm/us_usa_protests_stlouis

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Hyundai is placing big bets on the Super Bowl

Hyundai Motor Co. is hoping that five television spots before and during the Feb. 5 Super Bowl will help to bolster its rising brand recognition and continue big sales gains from the past few years.

North American CEO John Krafcik says the fast-growing brand is working on a 60-second spot that will run right before kickoff, plus two ads on the pregame show and two during the first and third quarters of the game.

He wouldn't say how much the Korean automaker is spending on the ads, which will compete with most creative spots American companies have to offer during one of television's highest-rated and most expensive sporting events. Last year Super Bowl ads cost companies about $3 million for 30 seconds.

Chrysler Group LLC's two-minute spot featuring rapper Eminem was among those that created the most Super Bowl buzz this past February, and it helped kick off what has been a strong sales year for the recovering company. The cinematic third-quarter ad showed Eminem driving through Detroit and introduced a new car, the Chrysler 200 sedan, amid gritty scenes of the city. A voiceover talked about how the city has survived going through "hell and back."

Krafcik said Hyundai hopes to have standout spots as well, but it will focus more on a brand message rather than going for entertainment value.

"We're competing with Doritos and Pepsi and Anheuser-Busch," he said Friday at an auto show briefing for reporters at a technical center near Ann Arbor, Mich. "Those are tough competitors from an entertainment point of view."

Hyundai, he said, might have a little more fun with its ads this year and try to make them more memorable than in the past. But it's also trying to sway about a third of the auto market that has a neutral view of the brand, which sells the Elantra compact, Sonata midsize car and Tucson crossover SUV, among other models.

Hyundai has had huge sales growth in a lackluster U.S. auto market. Through October, the company has sold more than 545,000 vehicles, already passing last year's record sales of 538,000, according to Autodata Corp. Hyundai's U.S. market share has risen from 4.2 percent in 2009 to 5.2 percent so far this year, and analysts believe the company has taken sales mainly from Honda Motor Co. and Toyota Motor Corp., both of which have experienced declines.

Hyundai's sales are so strong that it's having trouble supplying cars and crossovers to its dealers, Krafcik said. It has raised the annual output at its Montgomery, Ala., factory to around 330,000 this year, and will produce more cars in North America in 2012, he said. But he wouldn't comment when asked if the company plans to build a new factory in the U.S.

Source: http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/45278705/ns/business-autos/

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End of an era: Berlusconi to resign (AP)

ROME ? Italian Premier Silvio Berlusconi prepared to resign Saturday after parliament's lower chamber passed European-demanded reforms, ending a 17-year political era and setting in motion a transition aimed at bringing Italy back from the brink of economic crisis.

A chorus of Handel's "Alleluia," performed by a few dozen singers and classical musicians, rang out in front of the president's palace as many Italians rejoiced at the imminent end of Berlusconi's scandal-marred reign.

Respected former European commissioner Mario Monti remained the top choice to try to steer the country out of its debt woes as the head of a transitional government, but Berlusconi's allies remained split over whether to support him.

Their opposition probably won't scuttle President Giorgio Napolitano's plans to ask Monti to try to form an interim government once Berlusconi resigns, but it will likely make Monti's job more difficult.

Berlusconi's resignation was expected after the Chamber of Deputies, with a vote of 380-26 with two abstentions, approved economic reforms which include increasing the retirement age starting in 2026 but do nothing to open up Italy's inflexible labor market.

The Senate on Friday easily passed the measures and Napolitano signed the legislation Saturday, paving the way for Berlusconi to leave office as he promised to do after losing his parliamentary majority earlier in the week. He chaired his final Cabinet meeting Saturday evening, after which he was expected to head to Napolitano's palazzo to tender his resignation.

Berlusconi stood as lawmakers applauded him in the parliament chamber immediately after the vote. But outside his office and in front of government palazzos across town, hundreds of curiosity-seekers heckled him and his ministers, massing to witness the final hours of his government.

"Shame!" and "Get Out!" the crowds yelled, many toting "Bye Bye Silvio Party" posters as they marched through downtown Rome in a festive indication that for many Italians, like financial markets, the time had come for Berlusconi to go.

Berlusconi supporters were also out in force, but they were outnumbered.

Earlier in the day, Berlusconi lunched with Monti in a clear sign the political transition was already under way, news reports said.

While members of his coalition and the euroskeptic Northern League remained opposed to Monti's nomination, some lawmakers suggested they could support a Monti-led government for a few months to enact the additional EU-demanded reforms before elections are held in early 2012.

Napolitano appealed for lawmakers to put the good of the country ahead of short-term, local interests ? an indirect appeal to members of Berlusconi's party and the allied Northern League to work with the new government.

"All political forces must act with a sense of responsibility," he said.

It's an ignoble end for the 75-year-old billionaire media mogul, who came to power for the first time in 1994 using a soccer chant "Let's Go Italy" as the name of his political party and selling Italians on a dream of prosperity with his own personal story of transformation from cruise-ship crooner to Italy's richest man.

While he became Italy's longest-serving post-war premier, Berlusconi's three stints as premier were tainted by corruption trials and accusations that he used his political power to help his business interests.

His last term has been marred by sex scandals, "bunga bunga" parties and criminal charges he paid a 17-year-old girl to have sex ? accusations he denies.

Italy is under intense pressure to quickly put in place a new and effective government to replace him, one that can push through even more painful reforms and austerity measures to deal with its staggering debts, which stand at euro1.9 trillion ($2.6 trillion), or a huge 120 percent of economic output. Italy has to roll over a little more than euro300 billion ($410 billion) of its debts next year alone.

Markets battered Italy this past week amid uncertainty that Berlusconi would really leave and questions over whether Italy's notoriously paralyzed parliament could rally around a replacement. But Italy's borrowing rates pulled back after Napolitano made clear he intended to tap the politically neutral economist Monti to try to head an interim government to push the reforms through.

The yield on benchmark Italian 10-year bonds fell to 6.48 percent Friday, safely below the crisis level of 7 percent reached earlier this week.

Greece, Ireland and Portugal all required international bailouts after their own borrowing rates passed 7 percent. The Italian economy would not be so easy to save. It totals $2 trillion, twice as much as the other three countries combined.

An Italian default could tear apart the coalition of 17 countries that use the euro as a common currency and deal a strong blow to the economies of Europe and the United States, both trying to avoid recessions.

The head of the International Monetary Fund, Christine Lagarde, said Saturday that Italy's political transition over the next few days should send a "clear sign of clarification and of credibility" that the country is now on the right path to get its finances back in order.

Speaking to reporters in Tokyo, Lagarde had high praise for Monti, saying she had great esteem for the "quality" economist with whom she had long enjoyed a "extremely warm" and effective relationship.

The IMF has a key role to play over the next few months in overseeing Italy's efforts to pull itself back from a Greek-style economic disaster, monitoring how it implements reforms to rein in debt and spur growth, which is projected at a scant 0.6 percent this year and 0.3 percent next year.

Amid market turmoil last week, Berlusconi was forced to ask for IMF monitoring of Italy's finances, a humiliating prospect for the eurozone's third-largest economy and an embarrassment for the long-defiant Berlusconi.

The premier, however, received a warm sendoff from one of his closest pals, Russian Prime Minister Vladimir Putin, who called Berlusconi "one of the last Mohicans of European politics" who had brought political stability to Italy.

Source: http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/topstories/*http%3A//news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20111112/ap_on_bi_ge/eu_italy_financial_crisis

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Italy's Senate set to vote for cuts to save euro zone (Reuters)

ROME (Reuters) ? Italy's Senate was set to vote on Friday for austerity measures demanded by the European Union to avert a euro zone meltdown, while a new emergency government is expected within days, ending the Berlusconi era.

The upper house is due to begin debating the package at 0930 GMT (4:30 am EST) with an outcome expected later in the day. Having been approved by the upper house budget committee Thursday, the law is seen being passed easily.

Voting for the first time in the upper house will be Mario Monti, the former European Commissioner who has emerged as favorite to replace Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi.

Paving the way for Monti's appointment, President Giorgio Napolitano made him a life senator Wednesday in a surprise move that raised his already high profile and instantly made him a legislator.

Berlusconi, who lost his majority in a vote Tuesday, has promised to resign after the financial stability law is passed by both houses of parliament.

The law is due to be approved by the lower house Chamber of Deputies Saturday. That would mean Napolitano may accept Berlusconi's resignation as early as Saturday night and formally mandate Monti to try to form a new government soon afterwards.

Napolitano has urged parliament to act fast and some commentators say a new government made up mostly of technocrats could be in place as early as Sunday night before markets open Monday.

The president moved quickly to calm markets Wednesday after Italy's borrowing costs reached levels that could close its access to market funding, a development which would threaten the future of the euro zone.

He gave assurances that Berlusconi would honor his pledge to step down after parliament approved reforms geared to placate markets and he would waste no time in either appointing a new government or calling new elections.

BERLUSCONI CHANGES HIS MIND

At first, Berlusconi had insisted that early elections were the only option. But he has since softened his stand and is said by sources to be open to a new government.

Monti, a highly respected international figure, has been pushed by markets for weeks as the most suitable figure to lead a national unity government to urgently push through painful austerity measures.

Napolitano met Monti Thursday night, and, in a sign of the urgency of the situation, spoke by telephone with U.S. President Barack Obama.

In one badly needed success that calmed markets somewhat, Italy managed to sell 5 billion euros ($6.8 billion) of one-year bonds Thursday, but had to pay a whopping 6.087 percent interest rate, the highest in 14 years.

It was not clear how much of Berlusconi's PDL, which has undergone many defections and splits in the past few days, would support the new government, expected to include respected experts as well as a few politicians.

It will be supported by most centrists and the biggest opposition force, the Democratic Party.

Berlusconi's chief coalition partner, the Northern League, has said it would not back Monti.

Monti, who is currently head of Milan's prestigious Bocconi university, is a tough negotiator with a record of taking on powerful corporate interests as European Competition Commissioner.

(Editing by Louise Ireland and Neil Fullick)

Source: http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/eurobiz/*http%3A//news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20111111/wl_nm/us_italy2

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Celebrate Survivor Series' 25th anniversary at MSG Nov. 18!

It's the 25th annual Survivor Series at The World's Most Famous Arena, and WWE's celebrating the occasion by throwing a party for the WWE Universe Friday, Nov. 18 at noon at Madison Square Garden Plaza in New York City. The event is free and open to the public.

Join WWE Superstar and No. 1 contender to the WWE Championship CM Punk under the iconic marquee at Madison Square Garden from noon to 2 p.m. ET.?

Punk will participate in a special public Q&A session, and sign autographs for the first 150 WWE fans in attendance. Wristbands for the signing will be issued starting at 8 a.m. ET. Arrive early to guarantee your autograph. Plus, take part in special fan giveaways for great WWE prizes.

THQ will also give those in attendance the chance to play this year's hottest new video game, WWE '12, before it arrives in stores Tuesday, Nov. 22.

For WWE fans who want to arrive in style at Madison Square Garden, we're giving you the chance to ride the official Survivor Series double-decker tour bus to MSG with WWE Superstar Zack Ryder and Hall of Famer "Mouth of the South" Jimmy Hart.

Enter the Survivor Series 25th Anniversary Fan Celebration Sweepstakes for a chance to win a seat on the bus for a "Zack Pack" morning VIP tour of the city, get a guaranteed CM Punk autograph at the MSG event, and have a chance to win Survivor Series tickets while on the bus tour.

You must be a resident of New York, New Jersey or Connecticut to win, and must be 18 years of age or older. (Official rules | Click here to enter)

Survivor Series is SOLD OUT, but you can still see John Cena & The Rock team up to face The Miz and R-Truth LIVE on pay-per-view Nov. 20 at 8 p.m. ET. Check with your local cable or satellite operator on how to order.

Source: http://www.wwe.com/shows/survivorseries/25th-anniversary-survivor-series-fan-celebration

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High-Fiber Diet May Help Thwart Colon Cancer (HealthDay)

FRIDAY, Nov. 11 (HealthDay News) -- Eating a high-fiber diet may reduce your risk of colorectal cancer, especially if the fiber is from cereal and whole grains, according to a new review.

British and Dutch researchers analyzed 25 studies that included a total of nearly 2 million people. Compared with the lowest levels of fiber consumption, each 10 gram per day increase in intake of total dietary fiber and cereal fiber was associated with a 10 percent reduced risk of colorectal cancer.

Consuming 90 grams more a day (three servings, or three and one-quarter ounces) of whole grains was associated with about a 20 percent lower risk.

The review did not find significant evidence of a link between fruit or vegetable fiber and colorectal cancer risk.

A previous analysis did find that a high intake of fruit and vegetables was associated with a reduced risk of colorectal cancer, which suggests that components other than fiber in fruits and vegetables may play a role, the researchers said.

The study appears online Nov. 11 in BMJ.

"In summary, our meta-analysis suggests that a high intake of dietary fiber, particularly from cereal and whole grains, is associated with a reduced risk of colorectal cancer," the researchers wrote in a journal news release.

They also noted that a high-fiber diet may reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, overweight, obesity and possibly overall risk of death.

One expert said there may be a physiological basis for the anti-cancer benefit of a high-fiber diet.

"This study highlights the importance of a diet rich in fiber," said Dr. Anthony Starpoli, a gastroenterologist at Lenox Hill Hospital in New York City. "We know that soluble is most helpful in improving colon transit times. As the contents of the colon move at a better rate, there is thought to be less toxic exposure to the interior of the colon thereby reducing risk of developing colon cancer," he explained.

Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer worldwide, with 1.2 million new cases diagnosed each year, the news release noted.

The findings provide more evidence of the many health benefits of whole grains, but further research is needed to learn how this occurs, Anne Tjonneland, from the Danish Cancer Society, added in an accompanying editorial.

More information

The American Academy of Family Physicians outlines how to increase your fiber intake.

Source: http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/diseases/*http%3A//news.yahoo.com/s/hsn/20111111/hl_hsn/highfiberdietmayhelpthwartcoloncancer

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Big asteroid in closest swing by Earth in 35 years

Lance Benner, research scientist at JPL displays a recent image of asteroid 2005 YU55 near the 230-foot wide radio telescope at the Goldstone Deep Space facility in Ft. Irwin, Calif., is seen, Monday, Nov 7, 2011. The radio telescope has been tracking asteroid 2005 YU55. At closest approach, the quarter-mile-wide space rock will pass within 202,000 miles of our planet at 6:28 p.m. Eastern time Tuesday. (AP Photo/Orange County Register, ) MAGS OUT; LOS ANGELES TIMES OUT

Lance Benner, research scientist at JPL displays a recent image of asteroid 2005 YU55 near the 230-foot wide radio telescope at the Goldstone Deep Space facility in Ft. Irwin, Calif., is seen, Monday, Nov 7, 2011. The radio telescope has been tracking asteroid 2005 YU55. At closest approach, the quarter-mile-wide space rock will pass within 202,000 miles of our planet at 6:28 p.m. Eastern time Tuesday. (AP Photo/Orange County Register, ) MAGS OUT; LOS ANGELES TIMES OUT

This image made from radar data obtained on Nov. 7, 2011 at 11:45 a.m. PST (2:45 p.m. EST/1945 UTC) and provided by NASA shows asteroid 2005 YU55 when the space rock was at 3.6 lunar distances, which is about 860,000 miles, or 1.38 million kilometers, from Earth. The asteroid the size of an aircraft carrier is set to make a close but harmless swing by Earth on Tuesday, Nov. 8, 2011. Scientists at NASA's Near-Earth Object Program, which tracks asteroids and comets, ruled out any chance of impact. (AP Photo/NASA/JPL-Caltech)

The 230-foot wide radio telescope at the Goldstone Deep Space facility in Ft. Irwin, Calif., is seen, Monday, Nov 7, 2011. The radio telescope has been tracking asteroid 2005 YU55. At closest approach, the quarter-mile-wide space rock will pass within 202,000 miles of our planet at 6:28 p.m. Eastern time Tuesday. (AP Photo/Orange County Register, ) MAGS OUT; LOS ANGELES TIMES OUT

The 230-foot wide radio telescope at the Goldstone Deep Space facility in Ft. Irwin, Calif., is seen, Monday, Nov 7, 2011. The radio telescope has been tracking asteroid 2005 YU55. At closest approach, the quarter-mile-wide space rock will pass within 202,000 miles of our planet at 6:28 p.m. Eastern time Tuesday. (AP Photo/Orange County Register, Leonard Ortiz) MAGS OUT; LOS ANGELES TIMES OUT

LOS ANGELES (AP) ? An asteroid as big as an aircraft carrier is zipping by Earth on Tuesday in the closest encounter by such a massive space rock in more than three decades.

Scientists ruled out any chance of a collision but turned their telescopes skyward to learn more about the object known as 2005 YU55.

Its closest approach to Earth was pegged at a distance of 202,000 miles at 6:28 p.m. EST. That's just inside the moon's orbit; the average distance between Earth and the moon is 239,000 miles.

The last time a large cosmic interloper came that close to Earth was in 1976 and it won't happen again until 2028.

Scientists at NASA's Deep Space Network in the California desert have tracked the quarter-mile-wide asteroid since last week as it approached from the direction of the sun at 29,000 mph.

Astronomers and amateur skygazers around the world kept watch, too.

The Clay Center Observatory in Brookline, Mass., planned an all-night viewing party so children and parents could peer through research-grade telescopes and listen to lectures. The asteroid can't be detected with the naked eye.

"It's a fantastic opportunity to educate the public that there are things out in space that we need to be aware of" including this latest flyby, said observatory director Ron Dantowitz.

Dantowitz added: "It will miss the Earth. We try to mention that in every breath."

If an asteroid that size would hit, Purdue University professor Jay Melosh calculated the consequences. The impact would carve a crater four miles across and 1,700 feet deep. And if it slammed into the ocean, it would trigger 70-foot-high tsunami waves.

Since its discovery six years ago, scientists have been monitoring the spherical, coal-colored asteroid as it slowly spins through space and were confident it posed no danger.

Asteroids are leftovers from the formation of the solar system some 4.5 billion years ago. Scientists believe their growth was stunted by Jupiter's gravitational pull and never had the chance to become full-fledged planets. Pieces of asteroids periodically break off and make fiery plunges through the atmosphere as meteorites.

Don Yeomans, who heads NASA's Near Earth Object Program, said 2005 YU55 is the type of asteroid that humans may want to visit because it contains carbon-based materials and possibly frozen water.

With the space shuttle program retired, the Obama administration wants astronauts to land on an asteroid as a stepping stone to Mars.

"This would be an ideal object," Yeomans said.

___

Online:

NASA's Near-Earth Object Program: http://neo.jpl.nasa.gov

___

Follow Alicia Chang's coverage at http://www.twitter.com/SciWriAlicia

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/386c25518f464186bf7a2ac026580ce7/Article_2011-11-08-US-SCI-Asteroid-Flyby/id-0c95b10f666a49cfabd685dd4a792adb

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ZAGG Introduces ZAGGkeys FLEX Universal Keyboard Accessory for Smartphones and Tablets

There seems to be a gazillion?Bluetooth keyboards available for the iPad and other tablets, but most of them are designed specifically for one device and are?often built into a case that can only accommodate that device.??The ZAGGkeys FLEX keyboard?from ZAGG looks like an interesting alternative because it’s device agnostic. It can be used with Apple [...]

Source: http://the-gadgeteer.com/2011/11/10/zagg-introduces-zaggkeys-flex-universal-keyboard-accessory-for-smartphones-and-tablets/

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Piers Morgan exits as 'America's Got Talent' judge (omg!)

NEW YORK (AP) ? Piers Morgan says he's leaving the judges' panel at "America's Got Talent" to concentrate on his CNN talk show.

He made the announcement Wednesday night on "Piers Morgan Tonight." He explained that juggling both shows had proven too difficult. He said he had chosen to ease his schedule to focus on covering events in the upcoming election year.

Morgan has been a judge on the NBC talent show since 2006, where lately he sat alongside fellow judges Sharon Osbourne and Howie Mandel. The show's most recent season ended in September.

The 46-year-old British journalist and TV personality was tapped for the CNN show last year. "Piers Morgan Tonight" premiered in January, replacing "Larry King Live" on CNN's weeknight schedule.

Source: http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/entertainment/*http%3A//us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/external/omg_rss/rss_omg_en/news_piers_morgan_exits_americas_got_talent_judge041136844/43554318/*http%3A//omg.yahoo.com/news/piers-morgan-exits-americas-got-talent-judge-041136844.html

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Measure Wind Speed with Your Own Wind Meter

anemometerWindy out there?: Build a homemade version of an anemometer--a tool used to measure how fast the wind is blowing. Image: iStockphoto/arturoli

Key concepts
Atmosphere
Environment
Speed
Weather
Wind

Introduction
Have you ever wondered how wind is made? Wind is caused by a difference in air pressure. Air travels from areas of higher pressure to places where there is less pressure. And just as air flows out of the high-pressure inside an inflated balloon if the opening is not tied, air in the atmosphere will move to a lower pressure area, creating wind. The speed of that wind can be measured using a tool called an anemometer.

An anemometer looks like a weather vane, but instead of measuring which direction the wind is blowing with pointers, it has four cups so that it can more accurately measure wind speed. Each cup is attached to the end of a horizontal arm, each of which is mounted on a central axis, like spokes on a wheel. When wind pushes into the cups, they rotate the axis. The faster the wind, the faster the cups spin the axis. How fast will your homemade anemometer whirl?

Background

Air is made up of tiny molecules. When molecules are heated, they move faster. Consequently, when air is heated, its molecules move faster and become spaced farther apart, which makes the air less dense (meaning that there are fewer molecules in a given volume). This also means that the air has a lower overall pressure. In comparison, cold air is made of more tightly packed molecules, and so it is denser and has relatively higher pressure.

Because air pressures are inclined to balance out, when there is an area of relatively lower air pressure, the surrounding air in higher pressure areas moves in. This movement of air from a higher pressure area to a relatively lower pressure area is what generates wind. When wind pushes the cups on the anemometer, they spin around the central axis. How fast the cups revolve can be measured in revolutions per minute (rpm), or how many times one cup returns to the position where it started in one minute. Consequently, faster wind will result in a higher rpm than will a slower air movement.

Materials
???? Five three-ounce paper cups (such as Dixie Cups)
???? Paper hole punch or sharpened pencil
???? Ruler
???? Two straws
???? Pin
???? Stapler
???? Pencil with eraser
???? Fan with different speeds (optional)
???? Timer (optional)

Preparation

???? Prepare four cups this way: Punch one hole in the side of each cup, about one half an inch below the rim.
???? For the fifth cup, punch four equally spaced holes in its sides, about one quarter an inch below the rim. Also punch one hole in the center of the bottom.

Procedure
???? Take a single-hole cup and push a straw through the hole until about one inch of the straw is inside the cup. Make sure the straw is horizontal and staple it to the side of the cup. Repeat this with another single-hole cup and straw.
???? Push the empty end of each straw into one of the side holes in the five-hole cup and out the one across from it. Turn the cups so that they face the same direction. Why do you think the cups should face the same direction?
???? Push the empty ends of each straw protruding from the fifth cup into the other two single-hole cups until about one inch of the straw is inside each cup. Turn the new cups so all the bottoms of the cups face the same direction. Staple the ends of the straws to the side of each cup like you did for the first two cups.
???? After making sure all cups are about the same distance from the center of the five-hole cup, carefully push the pin through the two straws where they intersect, in the middle of the five-hole cup. Use caution when handling the sharp pin. Why do you think it is important to use something as small as a pin for this?
???? Push the pencil through the hole in the bottom of the five-hole cup, eraser-end first, until it reaches the straws. Carefully push the pin into the eraser.
???? The anemometer is now ready to measure wind speeds. While sitting down, try blowing very gently straight into one of the four open cups for a few seconds, then blow harder. How did blowing harder change how the anemometer turns? (If you feel light-headed or dizzy, stop and take a breather.)
???? Extra: If you have a fan that turns at different speeds, hold the anemometer in front of the fan and count the number of times one cup completely turns around for 15 seconds, then multiply that value by four. This number will be in revolutions per minute (rpm). Repeat this while keeping the fan at the same distance, but changing its speed. How did the rpm change when you held the anemometer in front of the fan at a slow speed compared with a faster speed? Compared with the faster speed, do you think the rpm would be greater if you used your anemometer outside on a very windy day?
???? Why do you think a faster wind makes the anemometer spin faster?
???? Extra: What is the speed of the wind outside? You can take your anemometer outside on a windy day or over multiple days to measure the wind speed. You could also take your anemometer to different locations, such as an open field, a narrow passageway, a beach by the ocean or a large lake, if you live near one, to measure and compare the wind speed in those places. What is the windiest location? Why do you think it is so windy?
???? Extra: What is the actual speed of wind, in miles per hour (mph), that you are measuring? To determine this, first calculate the circumference of the circle made by the rotating cups by measuring the distance around the circle that they make (using a tape measure or a piece of string you can measure with a ruler). Then convert this to miles by multiplying the number of inches by 12 to get feet and then multiplying that number by 5,280 (the number of feet in a mile). Multiply this number by rpm. Finally, multiply your product by 60 (to convert minutes to hours) and you will have an approximation of the velocity at which the anemometer is spinning (in mph), although this does not take friction in to account.


Source: http://rss.sciam.com/click.phdo?i=cd84852853b25aade0e3de1e64066d86

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